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Author
Khuphenia Shalva (Tbilisi State University, Georgia)
Title
Suitable Political System for Starting Point of European Integration and its Contemporary Impulse : Historical Perspective
Odpowiedni system polityczny jako punkt początkowy integracji europejskiej oraz współczesny impuls : perspektywa historyczna
Source
Horyzonty Polityki, 2015, vol. 6, nr 17, s. 111-128, bibliogr. 43 poz.
Issue title
European Economy and Geopolitics
Keyword
Państwa członkowskie, Integracja gospodarcza i polityczna Europy, Terytorium państwowe, Federalizm, Decentralizacja, Funkcje
Member states, Economic and political integration of Europe, National territory, Federalism, Decentralization, Functions
Note
streszcz., summ.
Abstract
Czym jest integracja europejska? Oznacza ona pewien proces historyczny, w którym europejskie państwa narodowe były skłonne do przenoszenia swoich suwerennych kompetencji na wspólne przedsięwzięcie. Unia Europejska, która obecnie składa się z dwudziestu ośmiu państw członkowskich, ma złożoną strukturę instytucjonalną, która podlega ponadnarodowej administracji centralnej (Komisji Europejskiej), demokratycznie wybieranemu parlamentowi (Parlamentowi Europejskiemu), a także Europejskiemu Trybunałowi Sprawiedliwości, oraz Europejskiemu Bankowi Centralny, które to instytucje są wynikiem procesu integracji. Wielu amerykańskich i europejskich naukowców zajmujących się Unią Europejską wyraża negatywne opinie na temat intergowermentalizmu podkreślającego wyższość organów państwa członkowskiego nad procesem integracji europejskiej. Ten artykuł próbuje udowodnić, że ta krytyka z perspektywy "historycznego instytucjonalizmu" przyczyniła się do zwiększenia znaczenia badań nad integracją europejską jako procesem politycznym, który rozprzestrzenia się w czasie. Pozwala to na odróżnienie ograniczenia kontroli państw członkowskich od stałych usprawnień instytucjonalnych, ze względu na utrwalenie doraźnych interesów, czy istnienie nieoczekiwanych konsekwencji, a to sprawia, że "utknięte" (lock-in) działania w ze względu na afirmację państw członkowskich są trudne do realizacji. Pobieżna analiza rozwoju polityki społecznej w UE ujawnia ograniczenia UE jako międzynarodowego systemu promującego aktywność zbiorową między suwerennymi państwami. Ważne jest, aby postrzegać integrację jako proces zależny od "ścieżki" (path-dependent), który przyczynia się komponowania "wielowarstwowego" europejskiego ustroju politycznego. (abstrakt oryginalny)

What it meant by European Integration? We mean the historical process whereby European nation-states have been willing to transfer, or more usually pool, their sovereign powers in a collective enterprise. The European Union, which today contains twenty-eight member states, which has a complex institutional structure that includes a supranational central administration (the European Commission), an elected Parliament, a Court of Justice and a Central Bank, is the outcome of this processes. Many American and European scientists of the European Union have chided "intergovemmentalist" accounts for emphasizing the duration of member state authority over the process of European integration. This article attempts to prove these criticisms in a "historical institutionalist" account that mentions the importance of research on European integration as a political process which spreads over time. Such an aspect distinguishes the limitations of member-state control over permanent institutional improvements, due to a fixation with short-term interests, the existence of unexpected consequences, and actions that "lock in" past decisions and make affirmation of member-state control difficult. Short exploration of the development of social policy in the EC advocates the limitations of conducting the EC as an international regime promoting collective activity among sovereign states. It is important to view integration as a "path-dependent" process that has composed a dispersed, but still obvious "multitiered" European polity. (original abstract)
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ISSN
2082-5897
Language
eng
URI / DOI
http://dx.doi.org/10.17399/HP.2015.061706
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