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Author
Pomianek Iwona (Warsaw University of Life Sciences - SGGW, Poland), Kljajić Nataša (Institute of Agricultural Economics, Belgrade, Serbia)
Title
Development of Sustainable Tourism Driven by Policies, Consumer Trends, and Environmental Challenges in Poland and Serbia
Rozwój turystyki zrównoważonej zgodnej z polityką, trendami konsumenckimi i wyzwaniami środowiskowymi w Polsce i Serbii
Source
Acta Scientiarum Polonorum. Oeconomia, 2025, R. 24, nr 2, s. 13-29, rys., bibliogr. 93 poz.
Keyword
Rozwój zrównoważony, Turystyka, Polityka turystyczna
Sustainable development, Tourism, Tourism policy
Note
JEL Classification: Q01, Z32, Z3
streszcz., summ.
Country
Polska, Serbia
Poland, Serbia
Abstract
Cel: Celem artykułu jest porównanie podejść do turystyki zrównoważonej w Polsce i Serbii. Przeanalizowano obecne trendy konsumenckie w Unii Europejskiej, Polsce (kraju członkowskim UE) i Serbii (kraju kandydującym do UE). Przedstawiono cele najnowszych dostępnych strategii rozwoju turystyki w obu krajach. Podjęto próbę wskazania pożądanych kierunków działań w najbliższej przyszłości z perspektywy zmieniających się oczekiwań turystów, wyzwań środowiskowych i założeń koncepcji rozwoju zrównoważonego.
Metody: Metody obejmowały analizę desk research (analiza dokumentów i różnych rodzajów polityki publicznej), analizę treści (analiza stron internetowych agencji krajowych rozwoju turystyki) oraz studium przypadku (wskazujące konkretne działania).
Wyniki: Analiza rozwoju turystyki zrównoważonej w Polsce i Serbii wskazuje na istotne podobieństwa, ale także różnice wynikające z kontekstów politycznego i instytucjonalnego. Polska, jako członek UE, systematycznie wdraża zalecenia wynikające ze zbioru inicjatyw politycznych pod wspólną nazwą Europejski zielony ład oraz strategii przemysłowej Ścieżka transformacji dla turystyki, przy czym kraj kładzie nacisk na rozwój turystyki niskoemisyjnej, cyfrowej i wspieranie społeczności lokalnych. Serbia, która dąży do integracji z UE, podejmuje działania zbliżone do standardów unijnych w ramach rozwoju turystyki wykorzystującej walory przyrodnicze i dziedzictwo kulturowe.
Wnioski: W obu badanych krajach obserwuje się rosnące zainteresowanie turystyką zrównoważoną wśród konsumentów i zmieniające się trendy w oczekiwaniach turystów. Wyzwania środowiskowe, takie jak: nadmierna presja ze strony turystyki masowej, utrata różnorodności biologicznej, wytwarzanie odpadów czy skutki zmian klimatycznych, wymagają podejścia zintegrowanego i współpracy międzysektorowej; w tym kontekście również założeń gospodarki o obiegu zamkniętym. Jest to konieczne, aby zachować równowagę między rozwojem gospodarczym a ochroną zasobów naturalnych. Polska i Serbia mają znaczny potencjał do rozwoju turystyki zrównoważonej, ale stoją przed innymi wyzwaniami. Polska powinna skupić się na ograniczeniu nadmiernej turystyki i lepszym zarządzaniu ruchem turystycznym, podczas gdy Serbia powinna inwestować w infrastrukturę turystyczną i ochronę środowiska przyrodniczego. Wspieranie innowacji i edukacji ekologicznej turystów i społeczności lokalnych ma w tym zakresie kluczowe znaczenie. (abstrakt oryginalny)

Aim: The article aims to compare the approaches to sustainable tourism in Poland and Serbia. It analyzes current consumer trends in the European Union, Poland (as an EU member), and Serbia (as an EU candidate country). The article presents the objectives of both countries' latest available tourism development strategies. An attempt is made to indicate the desired directions of action in the near future from the perspective of changing expectations of tourists, environmental challenges, and the assumptions of the sustainable development concept.
Methods: The methods included desk research (analysis of documents and public policies), content analysis (analysis of the websites of national tourism development agencies), and case studies (indicating specific actions).
Results: The analysis of sustainable tourism development in Poland and Serbia indicates significant similarities, but also differences resulting from the political and institutional context. As an EU member, Poland systematically implements the recommendations resulting from a set of political initiatives under the common name of the European Green Deal and the industrial strategy published as the Transformation Path for Tourism, emphasizing the devel-opment of low-emission, digital tourism and supporting local communities. In the process of integration with the EU, Serbia is taking actions similar to EU standards, developing tourism based on natural values and cultural heritage.
Conclusions: Both in Poland and Serbia, there is a growing interest in sustainable tourism among consumers and changing trends in the expectations of tourists. Environmental challenges, such as excessive pressure from mass tourism, loss of biodiversity, waste generation, and the effects of climate change, require an integrated approach and intersectoral cooperation; in this context, the assumptions of the circular economy are also relevant. This is necessary to balance economic development and the protection of natural resources. Poland and Serbia have significant potential for developing sustainable tourism but face different challenges. Poland should focus on reducing overtourism and better managing tourist traffic, while Serbia should invest in tourist infrastructure and environmental protection. Supporting innovation and ecological education for tourists and local communities is crucial. (original abstract)
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ISSN
1644-0757
Language
eng
URI / DOI
http://dx.doi.org/10.22630/ASPE.2025.24.2.6
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