- Autor
- Rączka Jan (European Bank for Reconstruction adn Development)
- Tytuł
- District Heating in Poland
- Źródło
- Emergo. Journal of Transforming Economies and Societies, 2004, vol. 11, no. 4, s. 21-31, tab., rys., bibliogr. 13 poz.
- Słowa kluczowe
- Ciepłownictwo, Emisja zanieczyszczeń, Rynek energetyczny
Heating, Pollution emission, Energy market - Abstrakt
- The space heating market is a mixture of a natural monopoly and monopolistic competition.
• District heating (DH) has been developing intensively since the mid-1990s. The cubature of buildings supplied with DH has increased by 50% since that time.
• Demand and prices have stabilized in recent years.
• The fuel mix in DH is dominated by hard coal (80%).
• One quarter of air pollution in Poland is related to DH.
• Poland has introduced an efficient regulatory regime. It is a price cap system based on British experience.
• The system incorporates all the key features needed for efficient regulation:
- an independent central regulator;
- RPI-X price formula;
- separate cost accounting for each activity (elimination of cross-subsidization);
- Third Party Access.
• On average, DH is competitive in comparison to gas technologies if capital costs are accounted for.
• The welfare impact of DH is much stronger than that of water & waste water services. (fragment of text) - Dostępne w
- Biblioteka Główna Uniwersytetu Ekonomicznego w Krakowie
Biblioteka SGH im. Profesora Andrzeja Grodka
Biblioteka Główna Uniwersytetu Ekonomicznego w Poznaniu - Bibliografia
-
- Energy Market Agency (1999) "Europejski biuletyn cenowy nośników energii" (European price Bulletin for Energy Carriers). Warsaw: Energy Market Agency (ARE)
- Energy Market Agency (2000 and subsequent years) "Statystyka ciepłownictwa polskiego" (Heating Statistics in Poland). Warsaw: Energy Market Agency (ARE)
- Energy Market Agency (2004) "Statystyka ciepłownictwa polskiego" (Heating Statistics in Poland). Warsaw: Energy Market Agency (ARE)
- Central Statistical Office (1991) "Gospodarka komunalna" (The Municipal Economy). Warsaw: Central Statistical Office (GUS)
- Central Statistical Office (1996 and subsequent years) "Infrastruktura Komunalna" (Municipal infrastructure). Warsaw: Central Statistical Office (GUS)
- EnergSys (1998) "Analiza możliwości ograniczania emisji dwutlenku siarki" (Analysis of the possibility of reducing sulphur emissions). Expert study commissioned by the Ministry for the Environment, Warsaw
- IRM (2004) "Informacja o mieszkalnictwie" (Information on Housing). Kraków: Institute for Municipal Development
- Okólski M., Buńczyk, A. and Daniluk, A. (2003) "Energetyka cieplna w Polsce w 2002 r. - wstępne wyniki badań" (Heat energy in Poland in 2002 - initial research results). URE Bulletin No. 6. Warsaw: Energy Regulatory Office (URE)
- Ministry of Economy (1998) "Rozporządzenie Ministra Gospodarki w sprawie szczegółowych zasad kształtowania i kalkulacji taryf oraz zasad rozliczeń w obrocie ciepłem" [Resolution of the Minister for the Economy on accounting practices and the detailed rules for constructing and calculating tariffs in the heating market]. Ministry of Economy and Labour, Journal of Law, No. 132, item 867
- Ministry of Economy (2000) "Rozporządzenie Ministra Gospodarki w sprawie szczegółowych zasad kształtowania i kalkulacji taryf oraz zasad rozliczeń w obrocie ciepłem" [Resolution of the Minister for the Economy on accounting practices and the detailed rules for constructing and calculating tariffs in the heating market]. Ministry of Economy and Labour, Journal of Law, No. 96, item 1053
- Ministry of Economy (2004) "Rozporządzenie Ministra Gospodarki w sprawie szczegółowych zasad kształtowania i kalkulacji taryf oraz zasad rozliczeń w obrocie ciepłem" [Resolution of the Minister for the Economy on accounting practices and the detailed rules for constructing and calculating tariffs in the heating market]. Ministry of Economy and Labour, Journal of Law, No. 184, item 1902
- Rączka, J. (2000) "Polityka państwa w latach 90. w zakresie wytwarzania i konsumpcji ciepła" [State policy in the 1990s in regard to the production and consumption of heating]. PhD thesis. Warsaw: Warsaw University
- Werner and Broden (2004) "Prices in European District Heating Systems". Paper to the 9th International Symposium on District Heating and Cooling, Helsinki
- Cytowane przez
- ISSN
- 1233-3115
- Język
- eng
