- Autor
- Kozlovskyi Serhii (Vasyl' Stus Donetsk National University, Vinnytsia, Ukraine), Pasichnyi Mykola (Kyiv National University of Trade and Economics, Kyiv, Ukraine), Lavrov Ruslan (Chernihiv National University of Technology, Chernihiv, Ukraine), Ivanyuta Natalya (Donetsk Law Institute of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Ukraine, Kryvyi Rih, Ukraine), Nepytaliuk Anton (Vasyl' Stus Donetsk National University, Vinnytsia, Ukraine, doktorant)
- Tytuł
- An Empirical Study of the Effects of Demographic Factors on Economic Growth in Advanced and Developing Countries
Badanie empiryczne wpływu czynników demograficznych na wzrost gospodarczy w krajach rozwiniętych i rozwijających się - Źródło
- Comparative Economic Research, 2020, vol. 23, nr 4, s. 45-67, rys., tab., bibliogr. 40 poz.
- Słowa kluczowe
- Ludność, Kapitał ludzki, Wzrost gospodarczy
Population, Human capital, Economic growth - Uwagi
- Klasyfikacja JEL: E22, I30, J10, J18, J24, O10
summ., streszcz. - Abstrakt
- W artykule zaproponowano zaktualizowane podejście do badania wpływu czynników demograficznych na wzrost gospodarczy. Wstępna hipoteza zakładała, że czynniki te w istotny sposób wpływają na proporcje produkcji, determinując kierunki rozwoju. Ramy instytucjonalne uwzględniały przewidywalne zmiany dynamiki produkcji. W artykule zbadano, wykorzystując niezbilansowane dane panelowe, istotne statystycznie związki między zmiennymi demograficznymi a wzrostem gospodarczym dla krajów OECD (z wyłączeniem Kolumbii) oraz Armenii, Białorusi, Bułgarii, Chorwacji, Gruzji, Kazachstanu, Rumunii, Federacji Rosyjskiej i Ukrainy w latach 1990-2017. Badanie miało na celu podkreślenie związku między kształtowaniem się zmiennych demograficznych (np. tempa wzrostu populacji w wieku produkcyjnym i tempa wzrostu średniej długości życia) a wzrostem gospodarczym. Badanie było próbą odpowiedzi na pytanie czy wpływ czynników demograficznych na gospodarkę był taki sam dla badanych krajów rozwiniętych i rozwijających się. W omawianym okresie znaczny wzrost oczekiwanej długości życia niekorzystnie wpłynął na dynamikę realnego PKB per capita. Badanie empiryczne wykazało, że oczekiwana długość życia jest silnie powiązana z nominalnym PKB per capita. W krajach rozwiniętych ten wskaźnik demograficzny był znacznie wyższy niż na rynkach wschodzących. Okazało się, że wzrost liczby ludności w wieku produkcyjnym radykalnie zmniejszył również dynamikę produkcji, ale związek ten nie był silny. Aby uzyskać pozytywne efekty zarządzania publicznego w perspektywie długoterminowej, należy uwzględnić ramy instytucjonalne. Główne zmienne demograficzne powinny być odpowiednio prognozowane i skalibrowane pod kątem potencjalnych endogenicznych czynników ekonomicznych. Dla osiąganych wskaźników wzrostu gospodarczego ważne są zarówno inwestycje publiczne, jak i prywatne. Autorzy sugerują wyważone podejście do polityki makroekonomicznej w zakresie uwarunkowań zarówno demograficznych, jak i instytucjonalnych. (abstrakt oryginalny)
In this article, an updated approach to investigate the effects of demographic factors on economic growth is proposed. The initial hypothesis was that these factors significantly affected production proportions, determining development vectors. The predictable shifts in production dynamics are considered for the institutional framework. The article investigates the statistically significant relationships between the demographic variables and economic growth for the sample of the OECD countries (excluding Columbia) and Armenia, Belarus, Bulgaria, Croatia, Georgia, Kazakhstan, Romania, the Russian Federation, and Ukraine, from 1990 to 2017; unbalanced panel data was used. The investigation aimed to highlight the intrinsic interconnection between the changes in demographic variables (e.g., the working-age population growth rate and the average life expectancy growth rate) and economic growth. Our investigation focused on the issue of whether demographic influence on economics was the same for advanced and developing countries in the sample. Over the period, a significant increase in life expectancy adversely affected the real GDP per capita growth rate. However, the empirical study pointed out that life expectancy was strongly linked to nominal GDP per capita. In advanced countries, the demographic indicator was considerably higher than in emerging markets. We found that the rise in the working-age stratum of the nation's population radically reduced the output dynamics as well, but that interconnection was not robust. The institutional framework should be taken into account in order to achieve a favorable performance of public governance in the long-run. The main demographic variables should be properly forecasted and calibrated for potential endogenous economic triggers. Both public and private investments are important when considering the economic growth rates that are achieved. We propose a balanced approach to macroeconomic policy regarding both demographic and institutional determinants. (original abstract) - Dostępne w
- Biblioteka Główna Uniwersytetu Ekonomicznego w Katowicach
- Pełny tekst
- Pokaż
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- Cytowane przez
- ISSN
- 1508-2008
- Język
- eng
- URI / DOI
- http://dx.doi.org/10.18778/1508-2008.23.27