BazEkon - Biblioteka Główna Uniwersytetu Ekonomicznego w Krakowie

BazEkon home page

Meny główne

Autor
Miller Nancy J. (Colorado State University), Engel-Enright Carol (Colorado State University), Brown David A. (Colorado State University)
Tytuł
Direct and Moderation Effects on U.S. Apparel Manufacturers' Engagement in Network Ties
Źródło
Journal of Entrepreneurship, Management and Innovation (JEMI), 2021, vol. 17, nr 3, s. 67-113, tab., rys., bibliogr. s. 99-111
Tytuł własny numeru
A Network Approach in Strategic Management : Emerging Trends and Research Concepts
Słowa kluczowe
Interakcje społeczne, Cele strategiczne, Orientacja przedsiębiorcza, Powiązania sieciowe
Social interaction, Strategic goals, Entrepreneurial orientation, Network relationships
Uwagi
Klasyfikacja JEL: L14, L67
streszcz., summ.
Abstrakt
CEL: Firmy nie rozwijają się i nie prosperują wyłącznie dzięki własnym indywidualnym wysiłkom, ponieważ każda firma jest pod wpływem działań innych, a zatem bezpośrednie i pośrednie relacje kształtują strategiczne zarządzanie firmą. Relacje te tworzą taktykę, dzięki której wiedza i inne strategicznie ważne zasoby są dostępne i tworzone. Nawiązywanie i podtrzymywanie więzi między członkami sieci było przedmiotem licznych badań w literaturze społecznej, ekonomicznej i biznesowej. Nasza praca opiera się na zasobowym spojrzeniu na perspektywę firmy wraz z teorią kapitału społecznego i jej wspólnymi konstrukcjami w teorii sieci. Wcześniejsze ustalenia sugerują, że powiązania sieciowe są strategicznymi działaniami generowanymi na rzecz rozwoju i kontynuacji firmy. Więzi mogą być krótkotrwałe lub przerodzić się w relacje długoterminowe. Celem tego badania jest wypełnienie niektórych luk w strategii sieci międzyorganizacyjnych poprzez analizę pięciu poprzedników , przedstawionych w literaturze jako podmioty indywidualnie związane z zaangażowaniem przedsiębiorców w powiązania sieciowe. W ten sposób nasza praca zapewnia kolejną ścieżkę badawczą do badania wkładu sieci w zarządzanie strategiczne. Postawiliśmy hipotezę o pozytywnych powiązaniach z zaangażowaniem przedsiębiorców w powiązania sieciowe z poprzednikami obejmującymi zdolność do przyswajania wiedzy firmy, cele biznesowe, orientację na przedsiębiorczość, interakcje społeczne i wsparcie ze strony otoczenia. METODYKA: W naszym podejściu ilościowym przetestowaliśmy proponowane przez nas bezpośrednie i moderujące powiązania na poziomie makro za pomocą ankiety internetowej przeprowadzonej wśród 125 amerykańskich firm produkujących odzież. Sektor produkcji odzieży w Stanach Zjednoczonych, podobnie jak w wielu krajach, boryka się z wieloma zakłócającymi czynnikami, które przyczyniają się do spadku kontynuacji działalności tego sektora. WYNIKI: Wyniki analiz regresji OLS potwierdzają nasze hipotetyczne powiązania, ponieważ każdy z pięciu poprzedników znacząco przyczynił się do zaangażowania przedsiębiorców w powiązania sieciowe; jednak, gdy wszystkie pięć zostało zbadanych łącznie, istotne były tylko chłonność, interakcje społeczne i cele biznesowe (R2 = 0,58). Dalsze badanie efektów moderacji wykazało, że postrzeganie przez przedsiębiorców środowiska wspierającego modyfikuje zarówno orientację przedsiębiorczą, jak i cele biznesowe. IMPLIKACJE DLA TEORII I PRAKTYKI: Wpływ otoczenia na relacje celów biznesowych z więzami sieciowymi był większy, gdy postrzeganie otoczenia jako wspierającego zmniejszyło się, podczas gdy wpływ otoczenia na relacje orientacji przedsiębiorczej z więzami sieciowymi był większy, gdy postrzegano otoczenie jako wspierające, co sugeruje dalsze badanie postrzegania otoczenia przez amerykańskich przedsiębiorców.Przedsiębiorcy zainteresowani budowaniem krajowych i międzynarodowych powiązań w ramach łańcucha dostaw mogą uznać, że powiązania sieciowe są jednym z rozwiązań umożliwiających dostosowanie zasobów firmy do globalnej konkurencyjności. Przyszłe badania mogą skierować uwagę na inne sektory przemysłu lub kraje w celu replikacji z większymi rozmiarami próbek, ponieważ zdajemy sobie sprawę z ograniczeń w uogólnianiu i udoskonalaniu skali ze względu na naszą ograniczoną wielkość próby. ORYGINALNOŚĆ I WARTOŚĆ: Zbadanie pięciu konstruktów, które rzucają światło na to, jak decyzje organizacji mogą odnosić się do angażowania się w sieci, oraz przedstawienie teoretycznych i praktycznych implikacji, które przyczyniają się do większego zrozumienia systemu organizacyjnego. (abstrakt oryginalny)

PURPOSE: Firms do not continue and prosper purely on their own individual endeavors, as each firm is influenced by the activities of others, and thus direct and indirect relationships shape the firm's strategic management. These relationships form the tactics by which knowledge and other strategically important resources are accessed and created. Forming and maintaining ties among members of a network have been the subject of numerous research studies in the social, economic, and business literature. Our work is framed by the resource-based view of the firm perspective along with social capital theory and its shared constructs in network theory. Prior findings suggest that networking ties are strategic actions generated for firm growth and continuance. The ties may be short-term or develop into long-term relationships. The intent of this research is to fill some of the gaps in interorganizational networking strategy by analyzing five antecedents that have been suggested in the literature as individually associated with entrepreneurs' engagement in network ties. In this way, our work provides another research avenue for examining networking's contribution to strategic management. We hypothesized positive connections to entrepreneurs' engagement in network ties from antecedents involving the firm's knowledge absorptive capacity, business goals, entrepreneurial orientation, social interactions, and support from their environment. METHODOLOGY: In our quantitative approach, we tested our proposed macrolevel direct and moderating connections through an online survey of 125 U.S. apparel manufacturing firms. The apparel manufacturing sector in the U.S., as in many countries, has struggled with multiple disrupting factors contributing to the sector's decline in firm continuance. FINDINGS: The results from OLS regression analyses support our hypothesized connections in that each of the five antecedents significantly contributed to entrepreneurs' engagement in network ties; however, when all five were collectively examined only absorptive capacity, social interaction, and business goals were significant (R2 = 0.58). Further examination of moderation effects found the entrepreneurs' perceptions of a supportive environment to modify both entrepreneurial orientation and business goals. RESEARCH AND PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS: The effects of a supportive environment on business goals' relationship with network ties were greater when perceptions of a supportive environment decreased, while the effects of a supportive environment on entrepreneurship orientation's relationship with network ties were greater when perceptions of a supportive environment increased suggesting further study of U.S. entrepreneurs' perceptions of their environments. Entrepreneurs' interested in building domestic and international supply chain ties may find network ties provide one solution for adapting the firm's resources for global competitiveness. Future studies may direct attention to other industry sectors or countries for replication with larger sample sizes as we recognize the limitations to generalizability and scale refinement due to our limited sample size. ORIGINALITY AND VALUE: The examination of five constructs to shed light on how an organization's decisions may relate to engaging in networks and provides theoretical as well as practical implications that contribute to the larger organizational system framework. (original abstract)
Pełny tekst
Pokaż
Bibliografia
Pokaż
  1. Adler, P. S., & Kwon, S.-W. (2002). Social capital: Prospects for a new concept. Academy of Management Review, 27, 17- 40. https://doi.org/10.5465/AMR.2002.5922314
  2. Aftab, M.A., Yuanjian, Q., Kabir, N. & Barual, Z. (2018). Super responsive supply chain: The case of Spanish fast fashion retailer Inditex-Zara. International Journal of Business and Management, 13(5), 212-227. https://doi.org/10.5539/ijbm.v13n5p212
  3. Ahuja, G. (2000). The duality of collaboration: Inducements and opportunities in the formation of interfirm linkages. Strategic Management Journal, 21, 317-343. https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1097-0266(200003)21:3<317::AID-SMJ90>3.0.CO;2-B
  4. Aiken, L., & West, S. (1991). Multiple Regression Testing and Interpreting Interactions. Newbury Park: Sage.
  5. Aldrich, H., & Zimmer, C. (1986). Entrepreneurship through social networks. In D. L. Sexton & W. R. Smilor (Eds.), The Art and Science of Entrepreneurship (pp. 3-23). Cambridge, MA: Ballinger Publishing.
  6. Allen, M. (2017). Variables, moderating types. The SAGE Encyclopedia of Communication Research Methods. Retrieved from https://methods.sagepub.com/reference/the-sage-encyclopedia-of-communication-research-methods/i15467.xm
  7. Anderson, J., Berg, A., Hedrich, S., Ibanez, P., Janmark, J., & Magnus, K-H. (2018). Is apparel manufacturing coming home? McKinsey Apparel, Fashion & Luxury Group. Retrieved November 10, 2019, from https://www.mckinsey.com/industries/retail/our-insights/is-apparel-manufacturing-coming-home
  8. Anderson, B. S., Covin, J. G., & Slevin, D. P (2009). Understanding the relationship between entrepreneurial orientation and strategic learning capability: An empirical investigation. Strategic Entrepreneurship Journal, 3, 218-240. http://doi.org/10.1002/sej.72
  9. Andrews, K. R. (1980). The Concept of Corporate Strategy (2nd ed.). Homewood, IL: Richard D. Irwin.
  10. Armstrong, J. S. (1982). The value of formal planning for strategic decisions: Review of empirical research. Strategic Management Journal, 3(3), 197-211. https://doi.org/10.1002/smj.4250030303
  11. Armstrong, J., & Overton, T. (1977). Estimating nonresponse bias in mail surveys. Journal of Marketing Research, 14(3), 396-402. https://doi.org/10.2307/3150783
  12. Badaracco, Jr, Joseph, L. (1989), The Knowledge Link: How Firms Compete Through Strategic Alliances. Boston: Harvard Business School Press.
  13. Barczak, B. (2017). Organizational network management system. In M. H. Bilgin, H. Danis, E. Demir, & U. Can (Eds.), Proceedings of the 17th Eurasia and Economics Society Conference. Country Experiences in Economic Development, Management and Entrepreneurship (pp. 757-772). Cham, Switzerland: Springer International.http://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-46319-3_48
  14. Barney, J. (1991). The resource-based model of the firm: Origins, implications, and prospects. Special theory forum. Journal of Management, 17(1), 97-98. https://doi.org/10.1177/014920639101700107
  15. Barney, J., Wright, M., & Ketchen, D. J. (2001). The resource-based view of the firm: Ten years after 1991. Journal of Management, 27, 625-641. https://doi.org/10.1177/014920630102700601
  16. Besser, T. L, & Miller, N. J. (2010). High-risk and low-risk cooperative exchanges and perceived benefits in formal business networks. Entrepreneurship and Innovation, 11(2), 107-118. https://doi.org/10.5367/000000010791291767
  17. Bitowska, A. (2020). The relationship between business process management and knowledge management - selected aspects from a study of companies in Poland. Journal of Entrepreneurship, Management and Innovation, 16(1), 169-193. https://doi.org/10.7341/20201616
  18. Borch, O.J., & Arthur, M.B. (1995). Strategic networks among small firms: Implications for strategy research methodology. Journal of Management Studies, 32(4), 419-437. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-6486.1995.tb00783.x
  19. Borgatti, S.P., & Halgin, P. S. (2011). On network theory. Organization Science, 22(5), 1168-1181, http://dx.doi.org/10.1287/orsc.1100.0641
  20. Boschma, R. A., & Ter Wal, A.L.J. (2007). Knowledge networks and innovative performance in an industrial district: The case of a footwear district in the south of Italy. Industry and Innovation, 14(2), 177-199. https://doi.org/10.1080/13662710701253441
  21. Bourdieu, P. (1986). The forms of capital. In J. Richardson, (Ed.), Handbook of Theory and Research for the Sociology of education (pp. 241-258). New York: Greenwood Press. https://doi.org/10.1002/9780470755679.ch15
  22. Brinkmann, J., Grichnik, D., & Kapsa, D. (2010). Should entrepreneurs plan or just storm the castle? A meta-analysis on contextual factors impacting the business planning-performance relationship in small firms. Journal of Business Venturing, 25(1). 24-40. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusvent.2008.10.007
  23. Brush, C. G., Greene, P. G., Hart, M. M., & Haller, H. S. (2001). From initial idea to unique advantage: the entrepreneurial challenge of constructing a resource base. The Academy of Management Executive, 15(1), 64-80. https://doi.org/10.5465/AME.2001.4251394
  24. Burt, R. G. (1992). The social structure of competition. In N. Nohria & R.G. Eccles (Eds.), Networks and Organizations: Structure, Form, and Action (pp. 57 -91). Boston, MA: Harvard Business School Press.
  25. Camarena-Gil, E., Garrigues, C., & Puig, F. (2020). Innovating in the textile industry: An uncoordinated dance between firms and their territory? Journal of Entrepreneurship, Management and Innovation, 16 (3), 47-76. https://doi.org/10.7341/20201632
  26. Canie, M. C. J., & Romijnb, H. (2008). Actor networks in Strategic Niche Management: Insights from social network theory. Futures, 40, 613-629. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.futures.2007.12.005
  27. Carlsson, B., Braunerhjelm, P., McKelvey, M., Olofsson, C., Persson, L., & Ylinenpaa, H. (2013). The evolving domain of entrepreneurship research. Small Business Economics, 41, 913-930. http://doi.org/10.1007/s11187-013-9503-y
  28. Christopher, M., Lowson, R., & Peck, H. (2004). Creating agile supply chains in the fashion industry. International Journal of Retail & Distribution Management, 32(80), 367-376. https://doi.org/10.1108/09590550410546188
  29. Cohen, W. H., & Levinthal, D. A. (1990). Absorptive Capacity: A New Perspective on Learning and Innovation. Administrative Science Quarterly, 35(1), 128-152. https://www.jstor.org/stable/2393553
  30. Coleman, J. S. (1988). Social capital in the creation of human capital. American Journal of Sociology, 94, S95-121
  31. Connelly, C., & Kelloway, K. (2003). Predictors of employees' perceptions of knowledge sharing cultures. Leadership & Organization of Development Journal, 24(5), 294-301. https://doi.org/10.1108/01437730310485815
  32. Covin, J. G., & Lumpkin, G. T. (2011). Entrepreneurial Orientation theory and research: Reflections on a needed construct. Entrepreneurship, Theory and Practice, 43(1), 855-871. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-6520.2011.00482.x
  33. Covin, J. G., & Miller, D. (2014). International entrepreneurial orientation: Conceptual considerations, research themes, measurement issues, and future directions. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 38(1), 11-44. https://doi.org/10.1111/etap.12027
  34. Covin, J. G., & Slevin, D. P. (1991). A conceptual model of entrepreneurship as firm behavior. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 16(1), 7-25. https://doi.org/10.1177/104225879101600102
  35. Covin, J. G., & Wales, W. J. (2019). Crafting high-impact entrepreneurial orientation research: Some suggested guidelines. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 43(10), 3-18. https://doi.org/10.1177/1042258718773181
  36. Craig, T., McNamara, T., Descubes, I., & Guerin, F. (2020). Manufacturing SMEs, network governance and global supply chains. Journal of Small Business and Enterprise Development, 27(1), 130-147. http://doi.org/10.1108/JSBED-10-2019-0334
  37. Danneels, E. (2016). Survey measures of first- and second-order competencies. Strategic Management Journal, 37, 2174-2188.
  38. DeCarolis, D. M, Litzky, B. E., & Eddleston, K. A, (2009). Why networks enhance the progress of new venture creation: The influence of social capital and cognition. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 33(2), 527-545. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-6520.2009.00302.x
  39. Dillman, D. A., Smyth, J. D., & Christian, L. M. (2009). Internet, Mail, and Mixed-Mode Surveys: The Tailored Design Method (3rd Ed). Hoboken, N.J.: John Wiley & Sons.
  40. Dollinger, M. J. (1990). The evolution of collective strategies in fragmented industries. Academy of Management Review, 15(2), 266-285. https://doi.org/10.5465/amr.1990.4308157
  41. Dubini, P., & Aldrich, H. (1991). Personal and extended networks are central to the entrepreneurial process. Journal of Business Venturing, 6, 305-313. https://doi.org/10.1016/0883-9026(91)90021-5
  42. Eisenhardt, K. M., & Schoonhoven, C.B. (1996). Resource-based view of strategic alliance formation: Strategic and social effects in entrepreneurial firms. Organization Science, 7(2), 136-150. https://www.jstor.org/stable/2634977
  43. Engbers, T. A., Thompson, M. F., & Slaper, T. F. (2017). Theory and measurement in social capital research. Social Indicators Research, 132, 537-558. http://doi.org/10.1007/s11205-016-1299-0
  44. Felipe, C. M., Roldán, J. L., & Leal-Rodríguez, A. L. (2017), Impact of organizational culture values on organizational agility. Sustainability, 9(12), 2-23.
  45. Ford, D., & Mouzas, S. (2013). The theory and practice of business networking. Industrial Marketing Management, 42(3), 433-442. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.indmarman.2013.02.012
  46. Fuller-Love, N., & Thomas, E. (2004). Networks in small manufacturing firms. Journal of Small Business and Enterprise Development, 11(2), 244-253. http://doi.org/10.1108/14626000410537182
  47. Galkina, T., & Atkova, I. (2020). Effectual networks as complex adaptive systems: Exploring dynamic and structural factors of emergence. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 44(5), 964-995. http://doi.org/10.1177/1042258719879670
  48. Gannon, B., & Roberts, J. (2020). Social capital: Exploring the theory and empirical data. Empirical Economics, 58, 899-919. http://doi.org/10.1007/s00181-018-1556-y
  49. Garvin, D. (1993). Building a learning organization. Harvard Business Review, 7 (July-August). 78-91. Retrieved October 31, 2020, from https://hbr.org/1993/07/building-a-learning-organization
  50. Gatignon, H., Tushman, M. L., Smith, W., & Anderson, P. (2002). A structural approach to assessing innovation construct development of innovation locus, type, and characteristics. Management Sciences, 48, 1103-1122.
  51. Gerber Technology (2019, June 4). Made-in-the-USA Apparel Manufacturing: The Journey, the Resurgence and Solutions to Meet a Growing Demand. Gerber Technology. Retrieved January 16, 2020, from https://www.gerbertechnology.com/news/made-in-the-usa-apparel-manufacturing-the-journey-the-resurgence-and-solutions-to-meet-a-growing-demand/
  52. Gerbing, D.W., & Anderson, J. C. (1988). An updated paradigm for scale development incorporating unidimensionality and its assessment. Journal of Marketing Research, 25(2), 186-192. https://doi.org/10.1177/002224378802500207
  53. Gorush, R. (1983). Factor Analysis (2nd ed.). Hillsdale, N.J.: Laurence Erlbaum Associates.
  54. Granovetter, M. S. (1973). The strength of weak ties. American Journal of Sociology, 78, 1360-1380. https://doi.org/10.1086/225469
  55. Granovetter, M. S. (1985). Economic action and social structure: The problem of embeddedness. American Journal of Sociology, 91, 481-510. https://doi.org/10.1086/228311
  56. Granovetter, M.S. (1992). Economic institutions as social constructions: A framework for analysis. Acta Sociologica, 35(1), 3-11. https://doi.org/10.1177/000169939203500101
  57. Greve, A., & Salaff, J. W. (2001). The development of corporate social capital in complex innovation processes. Research in the Sociology of Organizations: Social capital of Organizations, 18, 107-134. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0733-558X(01)18005-5
  58. Grichnik, D., Brinckmann, J., Singh, L., & Manigart, S. (2014). Beyond environmental scarcity: Human and social capital as driving forces of bootstrapping activities. Journal of Business Venturing, 29(2), 310-326. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusvent.2013.02.006
  59. Gristein, A. (2008). The relationships between market orientation and alternative strategic orientations. European Journal of Marketing, 42(1/2), 115-134. https://doi.org/10.1108/03090560810840934
  60. Guadagnoli, E. & Velicer, W.F. (1988). Relation of sample size to the stability of component patterns. Psychological Bulletin, 102(2), 265-275.
  61. Gulati, R. (1999). Network location and learning: the influence of network resources and firm capabilities on alliance formation. Strategic Management Journal, 20(5), 397-420. https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1097-0266(199905)20:5<397::AID-SMJ35>3.0.CO;2-K
  62. Guliati, R., Lavie, D., & Madhavan, R. (2011). How do networks matter? The performance effects of organizational networks. Research in Organizational Behavior, 31, 207-224. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.riob.2011.09.005
  63. Gulati, R, Nohria, N., & Zaheer, A. (2000). Strategic networks. Strategic Management Journal, 21(3), 203-215. https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1097-0266(200003)21:3<203::AID-SMJ102>3.0.CO;2-K
  64. Gynawali, D., & Fogel, D.S. (2014). Environments for entrepreneurship research development: Key dimensions and research implications. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 18(4), 43-62. https://doi.org/10.1177/104225879401800403
  65. Hakansson, H., & Snehota, I. (1989). No business is an island: The network concept of business strategy. Scandinavian Journal of Management, 5(3), 187-200. https://doi.org/10.1016/0956-5221(89)90026-2
  66. Henry, A. D., & Vollan, B. (2014). Networks and the challenge of sustainable development, Annual Review of Environment and Resources, 39, 583-610. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-environ-101813-013246.
  67. Hinkin, T. R. (1995). A review of scale development practices in the study of organizations. Journal of Management, 21(5), 967-988.
  68. Hitt, M. A., Dacin, T., Levitas, E., Arregle, J-L., & Borza, A. (2000). Partner selection in emerging and developed market contexts: Resource-based and organizational learning perspectives. The Academy of Management Journal, 43(3), 449-467. https://doi.org/10.2307/155640
  69. Hoang, H., & Antoncic, B. (2003). Network-based research in entrepreneurship: A critical review. Journal of Business Venturing, 18(2), 165-187. http://doi.org/10.1016/S0883-9026(02)00081-2.
  70. Human, S. E., & Provan, K. G. (1996). External resource exchange and perceptions of competitiveness within organizational networks: An organizational learning perspective. In P. D. Reynolds, S. Birley, J. E. Butler, W. Bygrave, P. Davidson, W. B. Gartner, & P. P. McDougall (Eds.), Frontiers of Entrepreneurship Research: Proceedings of the 16th Annual Entrepreneurship Research Conference (pp. 241-252). Boston, MA: Babson College.
  71. Ibarra, H. (1992). Structural alignments, individual strategies, and managerial action: Elements toward a network theory of getting things done. In N. Nohria & R.G. Eccles (Eds.), Networks and Organizations: Structure, Form, and Action (pp. 165-188). Boston, MA: Harvard Business School Press.
  72. Ibarra, H. (1993). Network centrality, power, and innovation involvement: Determinants of technical and administrative roles. Academy of Management Journal, 36(3), 471-501. https://doi.org/10.5465/256589
  73. Jarillo, J. C. (1988). On Strategic Networks. Strategic Management Journal, 9 (1), 31-41. https://doi.org/10.1002/smj.4250090104.
  74. Jarillo, J. C. (1993). Strategic Networks: Creating the Borderless Organization. Oxford, UK: Butterworth Heinemann. https://doi.org/10.1016/C2013-0-06541-3
  75. Johannisson, B. (1986). Network strategies: Management technology for entrepreneurship and change. International Small Business Journal, 5(1), 19-30. https://doi.org/10.1177/026624268600500102
  76. Johannisson, B. (1996). The dynamics of entrepreneurial networks. In P. D. Reynolds, S. Birley, J. E. Butler, W. Bygrave, P. Davidson, W. B. Gartner, & P. P. McDougall (Eds.), Frontiers of Entrepreneurship Research: Proceedings of the 16th Annual Entrepreneurship Research Conference (pp. 253-267). Boston, MA: Babson College.
  77. Johannisson, B., Alexanderson, O., Nowici, K., & Senneseth, K. (1994). Beyond anarchy and organizations: Entrepreneurs in contextual networks. Entrepreneurship & Regional Development, 6(4), 329-356. https://doi.org/10.1080/08985629400000020.
  78. Jones, C., Hesterly, W. S., & Borgatti, S. P. (1997) A general theory of network governance: Exchange, conditions and social mechanisms. Academy of Management Review, 22(4), 911-945. https://doi.org/10.5465/amr.1997.9711022109
  79. Kaiser, H. F. (1970). A second generation little jiffy. Psychometrika, 35, 401-445.
  80. Kaiser, H. F. & Rice, J. (1974). Little jiffy, mark IV. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 34, 111-117.
  81. Kelliher, F., Murphy, M., & Harrington, D (2020). Exploring the role of goal setting and external accountability mechanisms in embedding strategic learning plans in small firms. Journal of Small Business Enterprise Development, 27(5), 705-725. http://doi.org/10.1108/JSBED-12-2019-0411
  82. Kim, T.-Y., Oh, H., & Swaminathan, A. (2006). Framing interorganizational network change: A network inertia perspective. Academy of Management Review, 31, 704-720. https://doi.org/10.5465/amr.2006.21318926
  83. Kotey, B., & Meredith, G.G. (1997). Relationships among owner/manager personal values, business strategies, and enterprise performance. Journal of Small Business Management, 35(2), 37-63.
  84. Kreiser, P. M. (2011). Entrepreneurial orientation and organizational learning: The impact of network range and network closure. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 35(5), 1025-1050. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-6520.2011.00449.x
  85. Kuratko, D. F., Hornsby, J. S., & Naffziger, D. W. (1997). An examination of owner's goals in sustaining entrepreneurship. Journal of Small Business Management, 35(1), 24-33.
  86. Krzakiewicz, K., & Cyfert, S. (2013). The network concept pf strategic management and its limitations. Management, 17(2), 19-30. http://doi.org/10.2478/manment-2013-0002
  87. Lane, P. J., & Lubatkin, M. (1998). Relative absorptive capacity and interorganizational learning. Strategic Management Journal, 18, 461-477. https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1097-0266(199805)19:5<461::AID-SMJ953>3.0.CO;2-L
  88. Larson, A., & Starr, J. A. (1993). A network model of organization formation. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 17(2), 5-15. https://doi.org/10.1177/104225879301700201
  89. Latham, G. P., & Locke, E. A. (1991). Self-regulation through goal setting. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 50(2), 212-247. https://doi.org/10.1016/0749-5978(91)90021-K
  90. La Breton-Miller, I., & Miller, D. (2011). Governance, social identity, and entrepreneurial orientation in closely held public companies. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 35(5), 1051-1076. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-6520.2011.00447.x
  91. Lavie, D. (2006). The competitive advantage of interconnected firms: An extension of the resource-based view. Academy of Management Review, 31(3), 638-658. http://dx.doi.org/10.5465/AMR.2006.21318922
  92. Lee, D. Y., & Tsang, E. W. K. (2001). The effects of entrepreneurial personality, background and network activities on venture growth. Journal of Management Studies, 38(4), 583-602. https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-6486.00250
  93. Leyden, D.P., Link, A.N., & Siegel, D.S. (2014). A theoretical analysis of the role of social networks in entrepreneurship. Research Policy, 43, 1157-1163. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.respol.2014.04.010
  94. Li, Y., Cui, V., & Liu, H. (2017). Dyadic specific investments, absorptive capacity, and manufacturers' market knowledge acquisition: Evidence from manufacturer-distributor dyads. Journal of Business Research, 78, 323-331. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2016.12.028
  95. Limaj, E. & Bernroider, E.W. (2017). The roles of absorptive capacity and cultural balance for exploratory and exploitative innovation in SMEs. Journal of Business Research, 94,137-153. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2017.10.052
  96. Linder, C., Lechner, C., & Pelzel, F. (2020). Many roads lead to Rome: How human, social, and financial capital are related to new venture survival. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 44(5), 909-932. https://doi.org/10.1177/1042258719867558
  97. Lis, A., & Sudolska, A. (2017). Inter-and intra-firm learning synergy through integrating absorptive capacity and employee suggestion processes: The case study of Frauenthal Automotive Torun company. Journal of Entrepreneurship, Management and Innovation, 13(1), 25-68. https://doi.org/10.7341/20171312
  98. Liu, H.-M., & Yang, H.-F. (2020). Network resource meets organizational agility: Creating an idiosyncratic competitive advantage for SMEs. Management Decision, 58(1), 58-75. https://doi.org?10.1108/MD-10-2017-1061
  99. Locke, D. A, Latham, G. P., & Erez, M. (1988). Determinants of goal commitment. Academy of Management Review, 13(1), 23-39.
  100. MacGregor, R. C. (2004). Factors associated with formal networking regional small business: Some findings from a study of Swedish SMEs. Journal of Small Business and Enterprise Development, 11(1), 60-74. https://10.1108/14626000410519100.
  101. MacKenzie, S. B., & Podsakoff, P. M. (2012). Common method bias in marketing causes, mechanisms and procedural remedies. Journal of Retailing, 88(4), 542-585. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jretai.2012.08.001
  102. Marcela Herrera Bernal, S., Burr, C., & Johnsen, R. E. (2002). Competitor networks: International competitiveness through collaboration: The case of small freight forwarders in the High-Tech Forwarder Network. International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research, 8(5), 239-253. https://doi.org/10.1108/13552550210448348
  103. McGowan, P, Cooper, S., Durkin, M., & O'Kane, C. (2015). The influence of social and human capital in developing young women as entrepreneurial business leaders. Journal of Small Business Management, 53(3), 645-661. https://doi.org/10.1111/jsbm.12176
  104. Maskell, B. (2001). The age of agile manufacturing. Supply Chain Management: An International Journal, 6(1), 5-11. https://doi.org/10.1108/13598540110380868
  105. Mazzarol, T., Roboud, S., & Soutar, G. N. (2009). Strategic planning in growth oriented small firms. International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research, 15(4), 320-345. https://doi.org/10.1108/13522751011053626
  106. Miller, N. J., Besser, T., Gaskill, L. A., & Sapp, S. G. (2003). Community and managerial predictors of performance in small rural U.S. retail and service firms, Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, 10(4), 215-230. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0969-6989(02)00012-7
  107. Miller, N. J., Besser, T., Malshe, A. (2007). Strategic networking among small businesses in small US communities. International Small Business Journal, 25(6), 631-5665. https://doi.org/10.1177/0266242607082525.
  108. Miller, N. J., Besser, T. L., & Sattler Weber, S. (2010). Networking as marketing strategy: A case study of small community businesses. Qualitative Market Research: An International Journal, 13(3), 253-270. https://doi.org/10.1108/13522751011053626
  109. Mittelhauser, M. (1997). Employment trends in textiles and apparel: 1973-2005. Monthly Labor Review. Bureau of Labor Statistics, 24-35.
  110. Molina-morales, F. X., & Martinez-fernandez, M. T. (2010). Social networks: Effects of social capital on firm innovation. Journal of Small Business Management, 48(2), 258-279. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-627X.2010.00294.x
  111. Moliterno, T. P., & Mahony, D. M. (2011). Network theory of organization: A multilevel approach. Journal of Management, 37(2), 443-467. http://doi.org/10.1177/0149206310371692
  112. Moradlou, H., & Asadi, M. (2015). Implementation of agile manufacturing principles in small and medium enterprises (SMES). Journal of Modern Processes in Manufacturing and Production, 4(3), 31-44.
  113. Nahapiet, J., & Ghoshal, S. (1998). Social capital, intellectual capital, and the organizational advantage. Academy of Management Review, 23(2), 242-266. https://doi.org/10.5465/amr.1998.533225
  114. Nicholson, C., Compeau, L. D., & Sethi, R. (2001). The role of interpersonal liking in building trust in long-term channel relationships. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 29(1), 3-15. https://doi.org/10.1177/0092070301291001
  115. Norman, P. M. (2004). Knowledge acquisition, knowledge loss, and satisfaction in high technology alliances. Journal of Business Research, 57, 610-619. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0148-2963(02)00395-8
  116. Nunnally, J. C., & Bernstein, I. H. (1994). Psychometric Theory (3rd ed.). New York: McGraw Hill.
  117. Nyuur, R. B., Brecic, R., & Debrah, Y.A. (2018). SME international innovation and strategic adaptiveness: The role of domestic network density, centrality and informality. International Marketing Review, 35(2), 280-300. https://doi.org/10.1108/IMR-11-2015-0239.
  118. Paliokaite, A. (2019). An innovation policy framework for upgrading firm absorptive capacities in the context of catching-up economies. Journal of Entrepreneurship, Management and Innovation, 15(3), 103-130. https://doi.org/10.7341/20191534
  119. Parra-Requena, G., Ruiz-Ortega, M. J., Garcia-Villaverde, P. M., & Rodrigo-Alarcon, J., (2015). The mediating role of knowledge acquisition on the relationship between external social capital and innovativeness. European Management Review, 12(3), 149-169.
  120. Payne, G. T., Moore, C. B., Griffis, S. E., & Autry, C. W. (2011). Multilevel challenges and opportunities in social capital research. Journal of Management, 37(2), 491-520. https://doi.org/10.1177/0149206310372413
  121. Pellinen, K. (2014). The interplay of entrepreneurial and network activities in the entrepreneurial process: A relational analysis. International Journal of Entrepreneurship and Innovation, 15(1), 17-28. https://doi.org/10.5367/ijei.2014.0137
  122. Podsakoff, P. M., MacKenzie, S. B., Lee, J-L, & Podsakoff, N. P. (2003). Common method biases in behavior research: A critical review of the literature and recommended remedies. Journal of Applied Psychology, 88(5), 879-903. https://10.1037/0021-9010.88.5.879
  123. Portes, A. (1998). Social capital: Its origins and applications in modern sociology. Annual Review of Sociology, 24(1), 1-24. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.soc.24.1.1
  124. Potdar, P. K., Routon, S., & Behera, A. (2017). Analyzing the agile manufacturing barriers using fuzzy DEMATEL. Benchmarking: An International Journal, 24(7), 1912-1936. http://doi.org/10.1108/BIJ-02-2016-0024.
  125. Putnam, R. D. (1995). Tuning in, tuning out: The strange disappearance of social capital in America. PS: Political Science and Politics, 28(4), 664-683. https://doi.org/10.2307/420517
  126. Putnam, R. D. (2000). Bowling Alone: The Collapse and Revival of American Community. New York: Simon & Shuster. https://doi.org/10.1145/358916.361990
  127. Rauch, E., Dallasega, P., & Matt, D. T. (2017). Distributed manufacturing network models of smart and agile minifactories. International Journal of Agile Systems and Management, 10(3/4), 185-205.
  128. Rehman, N.U. (2015). Network alliances and firms' performances a panel data analysis of Pakistani SMEs. Eurasian Economic Review, November. http://doi.org/10.1007/s40821-015-0033-1
  129. Rezaei, J., & Ortt, R. (2018). Entrepreneurial orientation and firm performance: The mediating role of functional performances. Management Research Review, 11(7), 878-900. https://doi.org/10.1108/MRR413-2017-0092
  130. Sieger, P., Gruber, M., Fauchart, E., & Zellweger, T. (2016). Measuring the social identity of entrepreneurs: Scale development and internal validation. Journal of Busines Venturing, 31, 542-572. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusvent.2016.07.001
  131. Siren, C., Hakala, H., Wincent, J., & Grichnik, D. (2017). Breaking the routines: Entrepreneurial orientation, strategic learning, firm size, and age. Long Range Planning, 50(2), 145-167. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lrp.2016.09.005
  132. Small Business Administration, Office of Advocacy. (2018). Frequently Asked Questions About Small Businesses. Retrieved May 2, 2020, from www.sba.gov/sites/default/files/ advocacy/Frequently-Asked-Questions-Small-Business-2018.pdf
  133. Smeltzer, L. R., Van Hook, B. L., & Hutt, R. W. (1991). Analysis and use of advisors as information sources in venture startups. Journal of Small Business Management, 29(3), 10-20.
  134. Sobolewska, O. (2020). Knowledge-oriented business process management as a catalyst to the existence of network organization. Journal of Entrepreneurship Management and Innovation, 16(1), 107-132. https://doi.org/10.7341/20201614
  135. Stam, W., & Elfring, T. (2008). Entrepreneurial orientation and new venture performance: The moderating role of intra- and in extraindustry social capital. The Academy of Management Journal, 51(1), 97-111. https://doi.org/10.5465/amj.2008.30744031
  136. Tabachnik, B. G., & Fidell, L. S. (2007). Using Multivariant Statistics (5th ed.). New York: Allyn and Bacon/Pearson education.
  137. Teece, D. (1992). Competition, cooperation, and innovation: Organizational arrangements for regimes of technological progress. Journal of Economic Behavior and Organization, 18(1), 1-25. https://doi.org/10.1016/0167-2681(92)90050-L
  138. Tenkasi, R.V., & Chesmore, M.C. (2003). Social networks and planned organizational change. The Journal of Applied Behavioral Science, 39(3), 281-300. https://doi.org/10.1177/0021886303258338
  139. The Apparel Industry. (2017). Offshoring of production and global job shifts. Duke University. Retrieved March 29, 2020, from https://sites.duke.edu/sociol342d_01d_s2017_team-7/5-offshoring-of-production-and-global-job-shifts-unfinished/
  140. Thoma, J., & Zimmermann, V. (2020). Interactive learning - The key to innovation in non-R&D-intensive SMES? A cluster analysis approach. Journal of Small Business Management, 58(4), 747-776. https://doi.org/10.1080/00472778.2019.1671702
  141. Thorelli, H. B. (1986). Networks: Between markets and hierarchies. Strategic Management Journal, 7(1), 37-51. https://doi.org/10.1002/smj.4250070105
  142. Timmons, J. (1999). New Venture Creation: Entrepreneurship for the Twenty-first Century (5th ed.). Boston: McGraw-Hill International.
  143. Todeva, E. (2014, July 14). Business network theory and the role of country of origin [Abstract]. XVIII ISA World Congress of Sociology Facing an Unequal World: Challenges for Global Sociology. Retrieved March 15, 2021, from https://isaconf.confex.com/isaconf/wc2014/webprogram/Paper67029.html
  144. Toutain, O., Fayoll, A., Pittaway, L., & Politis, D. (2017). Role and impact of the environment on entrepreneurial learning. Entrepreneurship & Regional Development, 29(9-10), 869-888. https://doi.org/10.1080/08985626.2017.1376517
  145. Tretiakov, A., Bensemann, A., Sanders, J., & Golloway, L. (2019). The perceived importance of external ties and the performance of small owner-managed firms. The International Journal of Entrepreneurship and Innovation, 20(3), 209-219. https://doi.org/10.1177/1465750318808940
  146. Tsai, W., & Ghoshal, S. (1998). Social capital and value creation: The role of intrafirm networks. The Academy of Management Journal, 41(4). 464-476. https://doi.org/10.5465/257085
  147. U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics. (2020). Apparel manufacturing: NAICS 315. Retrieved October 30, 2020, from https://www.bls.gov/iag/tgs/iag315.htm
  148. Uzzi, B. (1996). The sources and consequences of embeddedness for the economic performance of organizations: The network effect. American Sociological Review, 61, 674-698. https://doi.org/10.2307/2096399
  149. Uzzi, B. (1997). Social structure and competition in interfirm networks: The paradox of embeddedness. Administrative Sciences Quarterly, 42, 35-47. https://doi.org/10.2307/2393808
  150. van Gelderen, M., van de Sluis, L., & Jansen, P. (2005). Learning opportunities and learning behaviors of small business starters: Relations with goal achievement, skill development and satisfaction. Small Business Economics, 25(1), 97-108. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11187-005-4260-1
  151. Wigley, S. W., & Provelengiou, A-K. (2011). Market-facing strategic alliances in the fashion sector. Journal of Fashion Marketing and Management, 15(2), 141-162. http://doi.org/10.1108/13612021111132609
  152. Williams Jr., R. I., Manley, S. C., Aaron, J. R., & Daniel, F. (2018). The relationship between a strategic comprehensive strategic approach and small business performance. Journal of Small Business Strategy, 28(2), 33-48. ISSN: 1081-8510 (Print) 2380-1751 (Online)
  153. Woolcock, M. (1998). Social capital and economic development: Toward a theoretical synthesis and policy framework. Theory and Society, 27, 151-208. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1006884930135
  154. Yli-Renko, H., Autio, E., & Sapienza, H. J. (2001). Social capital, knowledge acquisition, and knowledge exploitation in young technology-based firms. Strategic Management Journal, 22(6/7), 587-613. https://www.jstor.org/stable/3094322
  155. Zbierowski, P. (2020). The mystery of high performance-mediation by entrepreneurial orientation and organizational citizenship behavior. Journal of Entrepreneurship, Management and Innovation, 16(2), 67-91. https://doi.org/10.7341/20201623
  156. Zin, M.L.M., & Ibrahim. H. (2020). The influence of entrepreneurial supports on business performance among rural entrepreneurs. Annals of Contemporary Developments in Management and HR, 2(1), 31-41. https://doi.org/10.33166//ACDMHR.2020.01.004
Cytowane przez
Pokaż
ISSN
2299-7075
Język
eng
URI / DOI
https://doi.org/10.7341/20211733
Udostępnij na Facebooku Udostępnij na Twitterze Udostępnij na Google+ Udostępnij na Pinterest Udostępnij na LinkedIn Wyślij znajomemu