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Autor
Piwowar-Sulej Katarzyna (Wroclaw University of Economics and Business, Poland), Podsiadły Krzysztof (Wroclaw University of Economics and Business, Poland)
Tytuł
Technological Innovation and the Labor Market: The Two-Way Non-Reciprocal Relationships with a Focus on the Confectionery Industry in Poland
Źródło
Journal of Entrepreneurship, Management and Innovation (JEMI), 2022, vol. 18, nr 3, s. 135-171, tab., rys., bibliogr. s. 162-170
Tytuł własny numeru
Contemporary Research in the Field of Entrepreneurship, Management, and Innovation: Regular Issue
Słowa kluczowe
Rynek pracy, Zatrudnienie, Innowacje, Przemysł cukierniczy, Innowacje w produkcji, Rozwój technologiczny
Labour market, Employment, Innovations, Confectionery industry, Innovations in production, Technological development
Uwagi
Klasyfikacja JEL: J21, J24, M12
streszcz., summ.
Abstrakt
CEL: Celem teoretycznym niniejszej pracy jest zbadanie natury relacji "innowacje technologiczne - rynek pracy" przedstawianych w publikacjach z ostatnich 11 lat, indeksowanych w bazach Scopus i Web of Science. Celem empirycznym artykułu jest zbadanie zależności między wskazanymi zmiennymi w firmach działających w branży cukierniczej w Polsce. METODYKA: W pracy wykorzystano takie metody jak studia literaturowe oraz badania empiryczne oparte na podejściu mieszanym, łączące metodę ankiety on-line (z inżynierami branży cukierniczej) z metodą studium przypadku. WYNIKI: Publikacje z ostatnich lat, poruszające problemy analizowanych relacji, nie przedstawiają specyfiki Polski i branży cukierniczej. Publikacje te jednak częściej niż tradycyjna literatura przedmiotu prezentują wielorakie relacje między analizowanymi zmiennymi, nie skupiając się tylko na zagadnieniu bezrobocia technologicznego. Tymczasem 50% badanych pracowników utożsamia właśnie utratę pracy z efektem wdrożenia innowacji technologicznych. Pozostali respondenci są przekonani, że innowacje technologiczne mają neutralny ilościowy wpływ na wewnętrzny rynek pracy. Na podstawie metody studium przypadku stwierdzono, że innowacje technologiczne wpływają na rynek pracy (zarówno wewnętrzny, jak i zewnętrzny) częściej niż zmiany na tym rynku wpływają na innowacje, a analizowany wpływ jest raczej negatywny. Ponadto badania empiryczne pokazują, że innowacje technologiczne są pozytywnie powiązane ze zmianami jakościowymi na wewnętrznym rynku pracy. IMPLIKACJE: W artykule podkreślono potrzebę uczenia się przez całe życie, co sanowi grunt dla rozwoju oferty instytucji edukacyjnych. Menedżerowie najwyższego szczebla powinni identyfikować umiejętności, które ich pracownicy mają teraz a które powinni posiadać w przyszłości. ORYGINALNOŚĆ I WARTOŚĆ: W artykule przedstawiono został autorski model umożliwiającą przeprowadzenie analizy wzajemnych zależności miedzy innowacjami technologicznymi a rynkiem pracy, który naukowcy mogą dalej rozwijać i wykorzystywać w kolejnych projektach badawczych. Autorzy przeprowadzili ponadto pionierskie badania, oparte na złożonych ramach, obejmujących różne rodzaje wpływów (od negatywnego przez neutralny do pozytywnego), traktujących rynek pracy i innowacje technologiczne względem siebie jako zmienne zależne lub niezależne, a także dwa typy rynku pracy. (abstrakt oryginalny)

PURPOSE: The theoretical aim of this study is to explore the nature of the "technological innovation-labor market" relationships presented recently in the literature, based on publications indexed in the Scopus and Web of Science databases. The empirical purpose is to examine these relationships in companies operating in the confectionery industry in Poland. METHODOLOGY: Literature studies, as well as a mixed-method empirical research approach, were used, including an online survey of engineers working in the confectionery industry and the case study method (with interviews and observation). FINDINGS: Publications from the past eleven years have covered the problems of the analyzed relationship but have not taken into consideration the market in Poland or the confectionery industry. More often than the classic literature, these publications present different relationships, not focusing mainly on the issue of unemployment resulting from technological innovation. Meanwhile, empirical studies show that the analyzed relationships are non-reciprocal. Fifty percent of the employees surveyed indicated that implementing technological innovations results in job losses. The remaining respondents were convinced that technological innovation has a neutral quantitative impact on the internal labor market. We identified that technological innovations have an impact on the labor market (both internal and external) more often than changes in the labor market affecting innovations, and that this impact is rather negative. Moreover, empirical research shows that technological innovations are positively connected with qualitative changes in the internal labor market. IMPLICATIONS: This study emphasizes the need for lifelong learning among employees and for a field for development at educational institutions. It should also draw the attention of top managers to the skills that their employees have now and should have in the future. ORIGINALITY AND VALUE: The paper presents an original typology of the relationships between technological innovation and the labor market, which can serve as the basis for further development and qualitative or quantitative research. The paper also presents pioneering research because previous studies were not based on a complex framework, including different kinds of impacts (from negative through neutral to positive), treating the labor market and technological innovations relative to each other as dependent or independent variables, or highlighting two types of labor market. (original abstract)
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Cytowane przez
Pokaż
ISSN
2299-7075
Język
eng
URI / DOI
https://doi.org/10.7341/20221835
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